Izinto zefilimu zisetshenziswe kakhulu embonini yelebula ngenxa yesisindo sazo esilula, ukuguquguquka okuhle, nokuba sobala okuphezulu. Leli phepha lethula izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuphrinta ukucutshungulwa kwezinto zefilimu elincanyana, njengokuphrinta kwe-flexographic, ukuphrinta kwe-micro-nano, ukuphrinta inkjet, njll. Iphinde ixoxe ngezinye izindlela zokuphepha ezihilelekile, njengokukhethwa kwemishini yokunyathelisa, ukukhethwa nokucutshungulwa kwezinto zokuphrinta, ukulungiswa kwemingcele yenqubo yokuphrinta, njll.
4 Izindlela Ezivamile Zokuphrinta Nokucubungula Izinto Zefilimu
1. Ukuphrinta kwe-Letterpress
I-Letterpress printing ingenye yezindlela zokunyathelisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekunyatheliseni izinto zefilimu. Ifanele ukunyatheliswa kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kanye nenani elikhulu lokunyathelisa, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukupakisha ukuphrinta, izimpawu zokuhweba, izikhangiso, njll. Umgomo oyinhloko wokuphrinta kwe-letterpress ukwakha ingxenye ephakanyisiwe yesithombe ebusweni bepuleti lokuphrinta., bese udlulisela uyinki ebusweni be-letterpress ezintweni zokunyathelisa ngokucindezela. Phakathi kwazo, Ukuphrinta kwe-letterpress ye-UV kuyindlela yokuphrinta ethuthuke kakhulu enekhwalithi enhle nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Njengoba uyinki woma ngaso leso sikhathi, ifilimu kungenziwa rewound ngaphandle lamination.
2. Ukuphrinta kwe-Flexographic
Ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-Flexographic buyindlela ebalulekile efanelekile ukucubungula izinto zefilimu ezincane. Isebenzisa i-substrate eguquguqukayo kanye nepuleti lokuphrinta elinwebekayo futhi isebenzisa uyinki wokuphrinta noma i-adhesive conductive ukuze iphrinte amaphethini namasekhethi adingekayo ku-substrate.. Inqubo eyinhloko yezobuchwepheshe yokunyathelisa i-flexographic ihlanganisa ukwenza isakhiwo, ukuhlanganisa inki, ukunyathelisa, ukomisa, kanye nokuhlanganisa. Phakathi kwazo, ukwenza isakhiwo ngesinye sezinyathelo ezibalulekile, nezindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokwenza isakhiwo zifaka i-photolithography, ukuchayeka kwe-electron beam, nokuphrinta kwe-inkjet.
3. Ukuphrinta isikrini
Ukuphrinta kwesikrini sikayinki we-solvent kuyindlela yokuphrinta yendabuko, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta okuphekelwa ngamashidi. Ukuphrinta okuphekelwa ngamashidi kunezindleko eziphansi, umphumela omuhle, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile, futhi iyindlela eyinhloko yokuphrinta yezinto ezizinamathelayo zefilimu efakwe ngamashidi. Okwamanje, indlela entsha yokuphrinta isikrini ukuphrinta kwesikrini se-UV, engaphrintwa eshidini elilodwa noma emqulwini.
4. Ukuphrinta kwe-Gravure
Ukuphrinta kwe-Gravure kuyindlela evamile yokuphrinta yezinto ezinamathelayo zefilimu. Isebenzisa ingxenye ye-concave yesakhiwo se-gravure ukuze yamukele uyinki, futhi idlulisele uyinki ezintweni zokunyathelisa ngokucindezela kokuphrinta ukuze kwakhiwe iphethini noma umbhalo oyifunayo. Ukuphrinta kwe-Gravure kusetshenziswa kakhulu kumalebula wokuzinamathisela efilimu, izitika, izinto zokuhlobisa, nezinye izinkambu ngenxa yokunemba kwayo okuphezulu, imibala ecebile, nemiphumela emihle. Imishini yokuphrinta ye-Gravure ilungele ukuphrinta isikhathi eside, amalebula ekhwalithi ephezulu, njengamalebula kabhiya, amalebula ebhethri, njll.
Izinyathelo Zokuqaphela Ukuphrinta Nokucutshungulwa Kwezinto Zefilimu
Ukuphrinta nokucutshungulwa kwezinto zefilimu encane kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi lezi zinto ezilandelayo zidinga ukunakwa:
① Ukukhethwa nokucutshungulwa kwezinto: Ukukhethwa nokucutshungulwa kwezinto zokunyathelisa kuyizici ezibalulekile ezithinta ikhwalithi yokunyathelisa. Lapho ukhetha izinto zokunyathelisa, izici ezifana nokuvumelana nezimo, izindleko, kanye nokwethembeka kudingeka kubhekwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, mayelana nokuphatha impahla, njengokwelashwa kwe-substrate surface, ukuhlanza, futhi omiswe, njll., ukunakwa kuyadingeka futhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokuphrinta nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Izinto zefilimu yepulasitiki zidinga ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuphrinta ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla angaphezulu noma ikhono lokumanzisa, kungenjalo, uyinki kanye neribhoni ngeke kuqine ngokwanele futhi kuzowa kalula.
② Ukukhethwa kwezisetshenziswa nokulungiswa: Izindlela zokunyathelisa ezihlukene zidinga imishini yokunyathelisa ehlukene, njengokuphrinta kwe-flexographic kudinga umshini wokuphrinta oguquguqukayo, ukuphrinta kwe-inkjet kudinga iphrinta ye-inkjet, njll. Lapho ukhetha imishini, izici ezifana nezici zezinto zokunyathelisa, izidingo zokukhiqiza kanye nesabelomali kufanele kubhekwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho ulungisa amapharamitha wemishini yokunyathelisa, njengejubane lokuphrinta, ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa, njll., idinga futhi ukulungiswa ngokuvumelana nezinto ezithile kanye nezidingo zokunyathelisa.
③ Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokuphrinta: Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokuphrinta kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuphrinta nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Kuyadingeka ukwenza inqubo yokuphrinta emsebenzini wokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuphrinta, kanye nokulawula nokulungisa amapharamitha wokuphrinta ekusebenzeni kwangempela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa njalo kwemishini yokunyathelisa nezinto zokwakha kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokunyathelisa nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Okokuqala nje, ubuso bezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele buhanjiswe ngaphambili futhi bufinyelele ezingeni. Gcoba ngaphambili i-affinity inki ebusweni bezinto ukuze uthuthukise ikhono layo lokumanzisa uyinki futhi ukhulise ukuqina kukayinki.. Le ndlela yokwelapha iyona ekahle kakhulu, evamile, kanye nendlela ezinzile yezinto ezincane zefilimu. Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kwama-inki akhethekile afanayo, ama-varnish, namaribhoni kufanele ahlolwe kusenesikhathi. Ekugcineni, ukulawula ukujiya kongqimba lukayinki, inki kufanele yomiswe kahle. Ukuze ingxenye overprinting kayinki, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze kuvinjwe uyinki ongqimbeni olungezansi ukuthi lome.
④ Izinkinga zemvelo nokuphepha: Phakathi nenqubo yokunyathelisa yezinto zefilimu, nezindaba zemvelo nezokuphepha nazo zidinga ukunakwa. Amanzi angcolile, igesi emoshayo, futhi imfucuza ekhiqizwa inqubo yokuphrinta idinga ukuphathwa kahle, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindaba zokuphepha ezinjengobuthi kanye nokugqwala koketshezi lokuphrinta kanye noyinki wokuphrinta kufanele kubhekwe, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwendawo yokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yabasebenzi bokunyathelisa.
Kafushane, lesi sihloko sethula indlela yokunyathelisa yezinto ezizinamathelayo zefilimu kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa. Kubasebenzi abafanelekile abadinga ukuphrinta nokucubungula ifilimu izinto ezinamathelayo, kudingekile kakhulu ukulufunda lolu lwazi. Ngokusebenza okungokoqobo, kuyadingeka futhi ukukhetha indlela efanele yokunyathelisa kanye nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe ngokusho kwesimo esithile, ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuphrinta. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukunaka njalo ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha nezinto zokwakha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokuphrinta.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokuphrinta, sicela usithinte.
