Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezimboni, amalebula azinamathelayo abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwesimanje. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza amalebula azinamathelayo, ukuphrinta kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ekukhiqizeni amalebula azinamathelayo, izindlela zokunyathelisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa ukunyathelisa kokusiza, ukuphrinta kwe-gravure, ukuphrinta kwe-offset, ukuphrinta kwe-flexo, nokuphrinta isikrini. Lezi zindlela ezinhlanu zokuphrinta zinezici zazo kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza, futhi sizobethula ngamunye ngamunye ngezansi.
1. Ukuphrinta Kokusizakala
Ukuphrinta kokukhulula kungenye yezindlela zokuphrinta ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumalebula azinamathiselayo. Kuyindlela yokuphrinta esebenzisa uyinki ezithombeni eziphakanyisiwe kanye nombhalo kupuleti lokuphrinta, bese ephrinta uyinki entweni ephrintiwe. . I-letterpress iyipuleti lokuphrinta elinamathiselwe, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngezinto ezikhethekile ezifana nerabha, inayiloni, noma i-polymer material. Izinto zimbozwe nge-photoresist futhi zivezwe ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet ukuze kwakhiwe isithombe esiphakanyisiwe.
Phakathi nenqubo yokunyathelisa, i-letterpress ifakwa emshinini wokunyathelisa, uyinki ufakwa ku-letterpress, bese ucindezela entweni ezophrintwa. Ukucindezela kwesilinda somshini wokunyathelisa kubangela ukuba uyinki ucindezelwe entweni ephrintiwe., ukwakha umfanekiso noma umbhalo ophakanyisiwe. Inzuzo yokunyathelisa yokunyathelisa impumuzo ukuthi isendlalelo sokuphrinta sikhulu, umbala ugqamile, futhi inokuthungwa. Ifanele ukuphrinta amalebula adinga ukugqamisa izici zomkhiqizo kanye nemiphumela ebonakalayo, njengamalebula ophawu lokuhweba, Amalebula e-LOGO, njll.
Ukuphrinta kwe-relief kulungele izinto ezihlukahlukene zokuphrinta ilebula ye-self-adhesive, kuhlanganise nephepha, ifilimu ye-polyester, ifilimu ye-polypropylene, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphrinta kwe-letterpress nakho kungasebenzisa oyinki abahlukene, njengama-inki asekelwe emanzini, ama-inki asekelwe ku-solvent, Ama-ink e-UV, njll., ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zokunyathelisa. Ngamafuphi, i-embossing iyindlela yokuphrinta yekhwalithi ephezulu, kufanelekile ukuphrinta amalebula azinamathelayo adinga ukugcizelela imiphumela ebonakalayo nesithombe somkhiqizo.
2. Ukuphrinta kwe-Gravure
Ngokungafani nokuphrinta kosizo, ukuphrinta kwe-gravure kufeza ukuphrinta ngokuhlehlisa iphethini epuleti lokuphrinta, ukufaka uyinki ezindaweni ezihoxisiwe, bese udlulisela uyinki entweni ezonyatheliswa. I-Intaglio imvamisa yenziwa ngezinto ezifana nensimbi njengethusi, zinc, i-aluminium, njll.
Kuhlelo lokuphrinta i-gravure, uyinki usetshenziswa epuleti lokuphrinta, futhi idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-plate roll isetshenziselwa ukuminyanisa uyinki kumaphethini ahlehlisiwe kanye nombhalo. I-substrate ifakwa ngaphansi kwe-roller yokucindezela bese uyinki idluliselwa ku-substrate. Njengoba iphethini nombhalo we-intaglio ushonile, uyinki uzofakwa kulezi zindawo kuphela, ukudala umuzwa wokujula nokuthungwa.
Izinzuzo zokuphrinta i-gravure ukuthi amaphethini nezinhlamvu zicacile futhi zicacile, nokunemba kokuphrinta kuphezulu, elungele ukuphrinta amafonti amancane nemigqa. Ukuphrinta kwe-Gravure nakho kungasebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zoyinki, njengama-inki asekelwe emanzini, ama-inki asekelwe ku-solvent, Ama-ink e-UV, njll., ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zokunyathelisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijubane lokuphrinta lokuphrinta i-gravure liyashesha kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu, kanye namalebula okuzinamathelisa aphezulu angakhiqizwa ngobuningi.
Kafushane, ukuphrinta kwe-gravure kuyindlela yokuphrinta ephumelelayo futhi enembayo ephezulu, afanele ukuphrinta amalebula azinamathelayo adinga amaphethini acacile nanemininingwane kanye nombhalo.
3. Ukuphrinta kwe-offset
Enqubweni yokuphrinta ye-offset, amaphethini nezinhlamvu ziphrintwa epuleti lokuphrinta eliyisicaba, bese u-inki udluliselwa entweni ephrintiwe nge-roller yepuleti yokuphrinta yengubo. Ukuphrinta kwe-offset kungasebenzisa oyinki abahlukene abahlukene, njengama-inki asekelwe emanzini, ama-inki asekelwe ku-solvent, Ama-ink e-UV, njll.
Isinyathelo esibalulekile ekunyatheliseni kwe-offset ukukhiqizwa kwezingcwecwe zokunyathelisa. Okokuqala, amaphethini nombhalo kudingeka zidwetshwe efilimini encane yezinto ezifana ne-polymer, ebese idluliselwa epuleti lokuphrinta eliyisicaba. Amapuleti okuphrinta ngokuvamile enziwe nge-aluminium, kodwa kungaba ezinye izinto ezifanayo.
Phakathi nenqubo yokunyathelisa, uyinki usetshenziswa epuleti lokuphrinta, futhi idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-plate roller isetshenziselwa ukuminyanisa uyinki kuphethini nakumbhalo. I-substrate ifakwa ngaphansi kwe-roller yokucindezela bese uyinki idluliselwa ku-substrate. Njengoba ipuleti lokuphrinta liyisicaba, umphumela wokunyathelisa ngokuvamile uyashelela futhi awukhiqizi imiphumela ephakanyisiwe noma ecindezelekile.
Izinzuzo zokuphrinta kwe-offset yijubane lokuphrinta elisheshayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, futhi ifanele ukuphrinta amalebula azinamathelayo ngobuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphrinta kwe-offset kungasebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zoyinki nemibala ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuphrinta ezihlukene, futhi ingaphrinta amaphethini nezinhlamvu zekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ngamafuphi, ukuphrinta kwe-offset kuyindlela yokuphrinta ilebula enamathelayo esheshayo nephumelelayo, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphrinta ivolumu enkulu, amalebula anemibala, njengamalebula eziphuzweni nakwimikhiqizo kagesi.
4. Ukuphrinta kwe-Flexographic
Ukuphrinta kwe-Flexo kuwubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta obunesivinini esikhulu kanye nendlela yokuphrinta ilebula enamathelayo.. Ukuphrinta kwe-Flexo kusebenzisa inqubo yokuphrinta efana nokuphrinta kwe-offset, kodwa isebenzisa amapuleti okuphrinta e-flexographic esikhundleni samapuleti aqinile we-lithographic. Ukuphrinta kwe-Flexo kuvame ukusebenzisa izinto ezinwebekayo njenge-polyester noma i-polyamide, engagotshwa, ezisontekile futhi zeluliwe ukuze kufakwe izindawo zokuphrinta ezihlukene kanye nokwakheka.
Ipuleti lokuphrinta lokuphrinta kwe-flexo lithambile, engakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nezindawo ezihlukene kanye nokuma, njengezikhwama zokunyathelisa, amapayipi, amabhodlela, njll. Oyinki bokuphrinta kwe-flexo ngokuvamile bakhulu ukuze banikeze ukumbozwa ezindaweni ezihlukene. Enqubweni yokuphrinta ye-flexographic, uyinki usetshenziswa epuleti lokuphrinta le-flexographic bese udluliselwa entweni ezophrintwa yi-roller yepuleti lokuphrinta..
Izinzuzo zokuphrinta kwe-flexo yikhono eliphezulu lokukhiqiza, izindleko eziphansi, futhi ifanele ukuphrinta amalebula azinamathelayo ngobuningi. I-Flexo ingaphrinta ezintweni ezihlukahlukene njengensimbi, iphepha, ama-polymer namateyipu. Ukuphrinta kwe-Flexo kuvame ukudinga umsebenzi omncane wokwenza amapulangwe futhi kungaqeda inombolo enkulu yemisebenzi yokuphrinta ngesikhathi esifushane..
Nokho, ukuphrinta kwe-flexo nakho kunemibi, njengokungakwazi ukuphrinta izithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu nombhalo, futhi izinga lokunyathelisa lingase lithintwe i-roller yamapuleti noyinki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba uyinki uminyene, isikhathi sokumisa sokuphrinta side, okungase kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Nakuba izinga lokunyathelisa lokunyathelisa kwe-flexo lingase lithinteke ngamapuleti e-flexographic noyinki, ukuphrinta kwe-flexo kuyindlela yokuphrinta ephumelelayo neyongayo yokuphrinta ivolumu ephezulu yamalebula azinamathiselayo.
5. Ukuphrinta isikrini
Umgomo oyisisekelo wokuphrinta isikrini ukusebenzisa uyinki esikrinini, bese ubeka isikrini phezu kwento ephrintiwe. Uyinki udluliselwa endaweni engaphezulu yento ephrintiwe ngegridi yesikrini ukuze kwakheke isithombe noma umbhalo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuphrinta ilebula ezinamathelayo, ukuphrinta isikrini kunezinzuzo eziningi, njengezinhlobo ezahlukene zoyinki zingasetshenziswa, isivinini sokuphrinta siyashesha, futhi inganyatheliswa ezintweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuphrinta isikrini kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi kungasetshenziselwa ukuphrinta amalebula azinamathelayo, ingilazi, izitsha zobumba, iphepha, izinkuni nezinye izinto. Ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta isikrini bubuye busetshenziswe kabanzi ekwenzeni amalebula azinamathelayo, ikakhulukazi amalebula angadingi ukunemba okuphezulu kokuphrinta. Ukuphrinta kwesikrini nakho kungafinyelela ukuphrinta kombala owodwa kanye nemibala eminingi, kodwa ukulungiswa kwayo kokunyathelisa kuphansi, engafanele ukuphrinta izithombe ezinencazelo ephezulu nemibhalo.
Ububi obukhulu bokuphrinta kwesikrini ukuthi akukwazi ukufeza ukunemba okuphezulu kwesithombe nokuphrinta kombhalo, futhi izindleko zokwenza kanye nokushintsha isikrini ziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi kudinga isikhathi esengeziwe nomsebenzi lapho uphrinta. Nokho, ukuphrinta kwesikrini kunezinzuzo zejubane lokuphrinta elisheshayo kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokuphrinta, futhi ifanele ivolumu enkulu, Izidingo zokuphrinta ilebula enamathelayo enemininingwane ephansi.
Ukuphrinta isikrini kunezinzuzo zesivinini sokuphrinta esisheshayo, izindleko eziphansi futhi efanelekayo ezihlukahlukene materials. Nakuba ukuphrinta kwesikrini kungakwazi ukuphrinta izithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu nombhalo, kusewubuchwepheshe obubalulekile ekuphrinteni ilebula ezinamathelayo.
Ngenjwayelo, izindlela zokunyathelisa zamalebula azinamathelayo ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezinhlanu: ukuphrinta kwe-letterpress, ukuphrinta kwe-gravure, ukuphrinta kwe-offset, ukuphrinta kwe-flexo, nokuphrinta isikrini. Indlela yokunyathelisa ngayinye inezimiso nezici zayo ezihlukile zokunyathelisa, engahlangabezana nezidingo zokuphrinta zezidingo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, i-embossing ingafinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu, izinga eliphezulu lokuphrinta imiphumela, kuyilapho ukuphrinta kwe-offset kungafinyelela ukuphrinta kwemibala eminingi nokuphrinta ngesivinini esikhulu.
Lapho ukhetha indlela yokuphrinta ilebula ezinamathelayo, izici eziningi zidinga ukucatshangelwa, njengezimfuneko zokuphrinta, izinto zokunyathelisa, ivolumu yokuphrinta, izindleko zokunyathelisa, njll. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha indlela yokuphrinta, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela futhi uqhathanise izinzuzo nezingozi zezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokunyathelisa ukuze ukhethe indlela yokunyathelisa evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho..
